In this study, we examine three case studies of the coal and steel sectors from North Rhine Westphalia in Germany, the UK and Bilbao in the Basque region of Spain.These regional transitions are important because change change will impact on these regions either directly through environmental catastrophe or evolving socio-economic models. Each story highlights marked differences in the approach, ownership and legacy of regional rejuvenation. Each region’s approach gives powerful insights on the need to realign EU, national and regional transition policy, the Multiannual Financial Framework, regional policy, the Covenant of Mayors, clean energy and climate policy to empower leaders.
The core issues we examine are:
Models to organise change at a regional, national and EU level
Means to finance transition
How to ensure delivery of key outcomes.
Our aim is to outline an integrated and effective policy architecture based on transparent structures of political accountability, which incorporate inclusive visions of regional regeneration and investment. This is the essence of a fair, inclusive and just transition; A New Social Contract.